Impact Analysis of Gig Economy on Traditional Labour Structure

Loso Judijanto; Caroline Caroline; Nanang Andhiyan Mergining Mei

doi:10.54443/sj.v4i2.511

Authors

Loso Judijanto IPOSS Jakarta, Indonesia
Caroline Universitas Sultan Fatah, Indonesia
Nanang Andhiyan Mergining Mei Universitas Bina Sehat PPNI, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54443/sj.v4i2.511

Keywords:

gig economy, labour structure, social protection, worker income, skills disruption

Abstract

The growth of the gig economy in Indonesia has triggered significant transformations in the traditional labour structure. This study aims to analyse the impact of the gig economy on workers' employment patterns, income, and social protection using a literature review method. The results of the analysis show that the gig economy offers flexibility and new employment opportunities but also increases income uncertainty and widens the social protection gap between gig and traditional workers. In addition, there is a skills disruption that requires increased digital literacy and worker adaptability. This research recommends the need for labour regulation reform, strengthening portable social security systems, and expanding access to digital training so that the gig economy can provide inclusive and sustainable benefits for the entire Indonesian workforce.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Alauddin, F. D. A. (2025). The Influence of Digital Platforms on Gig Workers. Heliyon, 10(7). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e175226

Angwaoma Odoko, O. (2025). Consumer Behaviour in the Gig Economy. Path of Science, 113(3). https://doi.org/10.22178/pos.113-3

Auguste, D., Roll, S., & Despard, M. (2022). Democratizing the Economy or Introducing Economic Risk? Gig Work During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Social Policy Institute Research. https://doi.org/10.7936/1064

De Stefano, V. (2024). Labor Market Trends in the Gig Economy: Implications for Workers and Employers. International Journal for Research Publication and Seminar, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.36676/jrps.v15.i2.08

Doorn, N. van. (2019). Platform Labor and the State: Precarity, Regulation, and the Future of Work. Work Organization, Labour & Globalization, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.13169/workorgalaboglob.13.1.0010

Eliyah, E., & Aslan, A. (2025). STAKE’S EVALUATION MODEL: METODE PENELITIAN. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Indonesia, 3(2), Article 2.

Ferrari, R. (2020). Writing narrative style literature reviews. Medical Writing, 24(4), 230–235. https://doi.org/10.1179/2047480615Z.000000000329

Flanagan, F. (2019). The Impact of the Gig Economy on Employment Law. Industrial Law Journal, 48(2). https://doi.org/10.1093/indlaw/dwz003

Gandini, A. (2019). Labour Process Theory and the Gig Economy. Human Relations, 72(6). https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726718790002

Gussek, L., & Wiesche, M. (2022). The Gig Economy: Workers, Work and Platform Perspective. Wirtschaftsinformatik 2022 Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.2139/wi2022.1083

Islam, Md. R., & Rahman, Md. M. (2024). Gravitating the Gig Economy for Reshaping the Careers Using Technological Platform in the Digital Age in an Emerging Economy. International Journal of Social Inquiry, 16(2). https://doi.org/10.29329/ijsi.2024.16.2.9

Jaishree & Vidya Jha. (2024). A Conceptual Study of Employment Relations in the Gig Economy in India. International Journal of Future Management Research, 6(6). https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2024.v06i06.33877

KEERTHANA M & MADHUMITHA M. (2025). Talent Acquisition and Retention in the Gig Economy. International Journal of Science and Applied Technology, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.71097/IJSAT.v16.i1.1864

Mikaela Palada, Paul Christian B. Pamor, Jasmin Rose B. Sulit, & Renica Lourielle C. Villegas. (2024). Uncovering the Challenges and Opportunities of Gig Economy for Small Businesses. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 8(8). https://doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2024.8080177

Muruganandam, S. S., & Bhuvaneshwaran, G. (2025). The Gig Economy And Its Impact On Traditional Employment. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 13(6). https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.2506672

N. Abdullah, M. Mohd Ismail, M. S. Huzni Murad, K. Jusoff, F. Kurniawan, & M. Salah. (2024). Critical Insights into Gig Economy: A Peninsular Malaysia Case Study. HOME: Humaniora, Management, and Education, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.22437/home.v7i2.460

OECD Economics Department. (2019). Gig Economy Platforms: Boon or Bane? OECD Economics Department Working Papers. https://doi.org/10.1787/fdb0570b-en

Omar, N., & Jamil, R. (2025). A Systematic Literature Review of the Gig Economy: Insights into Worker Experiences, Policy Implications, and the Impact of Digitalization. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2025.9020170

Parman, Putri, D. N., & Wilson, J. (2025). The Role of Work-Life Balance and Technological Support in Gig Worker Productivity. The South East Asian Journal of Management, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.7454/seam.v19i1.1834

Pilatti, G., Pinheiro, F. L., & Montini, A. A. (2024). Systematic Literature Review on Gig Economy: Power Dynamics, Worker Autonomy, and the Role of Social Networks. Administrative Sciences, 14(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci14100267

Rina Ayu. (2024). Role of Gig Economy Participation in Shaping Worker Economic Security in Indonesia. International Journal of Social Sciences, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.47604/ijs.2830

S. Li. (2023). The Gig Economy and Labour Market Dynamics. Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences, 61, 275–281. https://doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/61/20231285

Siti Maria, Purwinahyu Purwinahyu, Fitriansyah Fitriansyah, & Arvita. (2025). Artificial Intelligence and Labor Markets: Analyzing Job Displacement and Creation. International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v5i2.830

Smith, J. (2025). The Rise of the Gig Economy: What It Means for Employers and Workers in the U.S. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5155227

Vallas, S., & Schor, J. (2020). What Do Platforms Do? Understanding the Gig Economy. Annual Review of Sociology, 46(1). https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-121919-054857

Wardhana, V. H. K. (2020). Regulatory Developments in the Gig Economy: A Literature Review. The Winners, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.21512/tw.v21i1.6758

Watson, A., Smith, R., & Lee, H. (2024). Work in the Platform Economy: A Systematic Literature Review. Employee Relations, 46(7). https://doi.org/10.1108/er-12-2023-0638

Williams, C., & Horodnic, I. (2021). Evaluating the Prevalence of the Gig Economy across the European Union. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 42(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/0143831X20984314

Wood, A. J., Graham, M., Lehdonvirta, V., & Hjorth, I. (2019). Good Gig, Bad Gig: Autonomy and Algorithmic Control in the Global Gig Economy. Work, Employment and Society, 33(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017018785616

World Bank Group. (2022). The Gig Economy and the Future of Work. World Bank Publications. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1814-9