Scientifically Unaccepted Beliefs on Traditional Health Care Using Energy Techniques

A. S. Reyhan Kama

Lolla Rossalina

Syaifudin Nugroho

Practices that use methods that are not scientifically acceptable, such as psychics and traditional health services, are part of cultures in various parts of the world, tribes, races, and throughout the history of human civilization until now. This research uses a qualitative, phenomenological approach, which is based on the theory of "Scientifically Unaccepted Beliefs" developed by Harvey Irwin. The data collection process was carried out by interviewing individuals who were practitioners of traditional health using energy techniques. Authentication regarding participant practices is carried out by documenting official letters from the government of the Republic of Indonesia that acknowledge these practices. Based on data analysis carried out on the results of interviews with two participants, it is known that there are unique aspects in their lives that support the formation of beliefs about things that cannot be accepted scientifically. The research results also found that each participant had a certain motivation to carry out each service practice using methods that were not scientifically acceptable.

Keywords: paranormal traditional healers scientifically unaccepted beliefs

A.P.A. (2015). A.P.A. Dictionary of Psychology (2nd ed.). (G. R. VandenBos, Ed.) Washington, DC, United States of America: American Psychological Association.

Aarnio, K., & Lindeman, M. (2007). Religious People and Paranormal Believers. Journal of Individual Differences, 28(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001.28.1.1

Bao, Y., Zhu, F., Hu, Y., & Cui, N. (2016). The Research of Interpersonal Conflict and Solution Strategies. Psychology, 7(4), 541-545. https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2016.74055

Berita Satu. (2016, September 29). Kronologi Kasus Dimas Kanjeng, Pimpinan Padepokan "Bank Gaib" yang Menghabisi Santrinya. Retrieved from BERITA SATU: https://www.beritasatu.com/nasional/389281/kronologi-kasus-dimas-kanjeng-pimpinan-padepokan-bank-gaib-yang-menghabisi-santrinya

Bridgstock, M. (2009). Beyond Belief: Skepticism, Science and The Paranormal. Port Melbourne, Australia: Cambridge University Press.

Broad, C. D. (I949). The Relevance of Psychical Research to Philosophy. The Journal of The Royal Institute of Philosophy, 29(91), 291-309. https://doi.org/10.2307/3747159

Chatters, S. J., & Zalaquett, C. P. (2018). Bullying Prevention and Prejudice Reduction: Assessing the Outcome of an Integrative Training Program. The Journal of Individual Psychology, 74(1), 20-37. https://doi.org/10.1353/jip.2018.000294

Chorpita, B. F., & Barlow, D. H. (1998). The Development of Anxiety: The Role of Control in the Early Environment. Psychological Bulletin, 124(1), 3-21. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.124.1.3

Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA, United States of America: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Ernst, E. (2011). Paranormal healing: What is the way forward? Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 71(5), 287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2011.05.011

Farinella, F. ., & Gulyaeva, E. . (2024). Cognitive Freedom: Human Rights Born from Today’s Artificial Intelligence. LAW&PASS: International Journal of Law, Public Administration and Social Studies, 1(1), 51–66. Retrieved from https://lawpass.org/index.php/ojs/article/view/5

Huang, J., Shi, H., & Liu, W. (2018). Emotional Intelligence and Subjective WellBeing: Altruistic Behavior as A Mediator. Social Behavior and Personality, 46(5), 749–758. https://doi.org10.2224/sbp.6762

Irwin, H. J. (2009). The Psychology of Paranormal Belief: A researcher’s handbook. Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England: University of Hertfordshire Press. Karayagiz, S., & Aktan, T. (2019). Investigation of the Relationships Between Paranormal Beliefs, Parental Bonding, and Adult Attachment of University Students. Imagination, Cognition and Personality: Consciousness in Theory, Research, and Clinical Practice, 1–14. doi:10.1177/0276236619831629

Kompas.com. (2019, May 17). Mengenang Geger Santet, Tragedi Pembantaian di Banyuwangi pada 1998. Retrieved from KOMPAS.com: https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2019/05/17/14323601/mengenanggeger-santet-tragedi-pembantaian-di-banyuwangi-pada-1998?page=all

Linder, D. O. (2009, September). Famous American Trials: Salem Witchcraft Trials 1692. Retrieved from UMKC School of Law: http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/SAL_ACCT.HTM

Lu, C., Jiang, Y., Zhao, X., & Fang, P. (2019). Will Helping Others Also Benefit You? Chinese Adolescents’ Altruistic Personality Traits and Life Satisfaction. Basel: Springer Nature Switzerland AG. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-019-00134-6

Markovsky, B., & Thye, S. R. (2001). Social Influence on Paranormal Beliefs. Sociological Perspectives, 44(1), 21–44. https://doi.org/10.1525/sop.2001.44.1.21